THE GRAMMATICAL SYSTEM OF LANGUAGE AND THE CLASSIFICATION OF PARTS OF SPEECH: SYNTAGMATIC AND PARADIGMATIC RELATIONS IN LINGUISTIC THEORY AND TRANSLATION
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The article explores the grammatical framework of language as an integrated and hierarchically structured system and offers a detailed examination of the issue of parts-of-speech categorization in contemporary linguistics. The research confirms the need for a unified method that merges semantic, morphological, and syntactic criteria, placing special focus on syntactic function. Syntagmatic and paradigmatic relations receive significant focus as essential mechanisms of grammatical structure. The study further examines the difference between major and functional parts of speech, grammatical homonymy in contemporary English, and the effect of analytical language structure on translation. The findings are significant for theoretical linguistics, comparative grammar, and translation research.
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