Comparative Legal Analysis on Violation of Labor Protection Rules of Uzbekistan’s Criminal Code (Article 257) with European Legal Standards
Keywords:
Uzbekistan Criminal Code, Article 257, labor protection, occupational safetyAbstract
This article provides a detailed legal and comparative analysis of Article 257 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, which penalizes violations of labor protection rules, by examining its doctrinal elements and comparing it with similar provisions in selected European legal systems, particularly Germany, France, and the United Kingdom. The aim is to highlight how different legal traditions approach employer liability for breaches in occupational safety that result in injury or death. The comparison reveals both convergence in general principles—such as the protection of workers’ rights and health—and divergence in legal techniques, liability standards, and criminal versus administrative responses.
References
1. Uzbekistan Criminal Code. (2023). *Article 257 – Violation of labor protection rules*. National Database of Legislation (Lex.uz). https://www.lex.uz
2. Arup, C., & Mitchell, R. (2017). *Labour Law and Labour Market Regulation: Essays on the Construction, Constitution and Regulation of Labour Markets and Work Relationships*. Federation Press.
3. Baldwin, R., Cave, M., & Lodge, M. (2012). *Understanding Regulation: Theory, Strategy, and Practice* (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press.
4. Eurofound. (2020). *Health and safety at work in Europe*. Retrieved from https://www.eurofound.europa.eu/
5. European Agency for Safety and Health at Work. (2022). *Occupational safety and health legislation in Europe*. https://osha.europa.eu/en/legislation
6. French Labour Code. (2023). *Code du travail*. Legifrance. https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/
